Key to Model Test One
Part I Writing
【写作思路】
本文是一篇关于择业的议论文。短文需要说明慎重择业相当重要，并提出多种指导择业的方法。
【参考范文】
Choosing an Occupation
One of the most important problems a young person faces is deciding what to do. There are some people, of course, who from the time are six years old “know” that they want to be doctors or pilots or fire fighters, but the majority of us do not get around to making a decision about an occupation or career until somebody or something forces us to face the problem。
Choosing an occupation takes time, and there are a lot of things you have to think about as you try to decide what you would like to do. You may find that you will have to take special courses to qualify for a particular kind of work, or you may find out that you will need to get actual work experience to gain enough knowledge to qualify for a particular job。
Fortunately, there are a lot of people you can turn to for advice and help in making your decision. At most schools, there are teachers who are professionally qualified to give you detailed information about job qualifications. And you can talk over your ideas with family members and friends who are always ready to listen and to offer suggestions。
Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)
1.【解析】［Y］该句的意思是巨大的河流改道水利工程使得咸海缩小。从第二段的中间两句话可得出结论。Thirty years ago, government planners diverted the rivers that flow into the sea in order to irrigate(provide water for)farmland. As a result, the sea has shrunk to half its original size, stranding ships on dry land。与原文意思相同。
2.【解析】［N］该句句意为：巨坝和灌溉工程的建设好处多于坏处。解题依据为本文第三段第二句话But many countries continue to build massive dams and irrigation systems, even though such projects can create more problems than they fix. (虽然产生更多问题，许多国家仍继续建巨坝和灌溉工程。)由此可知，坏处多于好处，所以该题与原文之意不符合。
3.【解析】［Y］该句句意为：缺水的主要原因是人口增长和水污染。本题解题依据可定位到本文第四段第一句话 Growing populations will worsen problems with water... 及第十一段第一句话But almost everyone contributes to water pollution. 两者都是水资源缺乏的原因，与原文之意相符。
4.【解析】［Y］该句句意为：美国人面临的有关水的问题为地下水的减少和污染。本题解题依据为第七段第二句话和第八段第三句话，这两句话加在一起即为美国人所面临的水资源方面的问题，与原文之意相符。
5.【解析】［N］该句句意为：根据这篇文章，所有水的污染都来自于家庭废弃物。本题解题依据为第十一段最后一句话...70 percent of the pollutants could be traced to household waste (百分之七十的污染物源于家庭废弃物)，据此，本题之意与原文之意不符合。
6.【解析】［N］该句句意为：美国人将不会面临缺水问题。该题解题依据为文章第七段第二句话 But Americans could face serious water shortages, too, especially in areas that rely on groundwater, 显然本题之意与原文之意不符合。
7.【解析】［NG］该句句意为：水利专家Gleick 提供了与水相关的最佳解决方案。根据本文第十三段第一句话所述，专家Gleick 并未提供任何最佳解决方案。
8.【解析】one-third 解题依据为第四段最后一句话：He fears that by the year 2025, as many as onethird of the world’s projected 8.3 billion people will suffer from water shortages。
9.【解析】glaciers and ice caps 解题依据为第五段第二句话：Two-thirds of this freshwater is locked in glaciers and ice caps。
10.【解析】water pollution 解题依据为第十段第二句话：Toxic chemicals pollute water when released untreated into rivers and lakes。
